CATUR PUTRI LUTPIANDARI
11211595
4EA18
TUGAS – TULISAN KE 2
BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2
#
PASSIVE
SENTENCES
A. DEFINITION OF PASSIVE SENTENCES
The passive sentence is the subject of his sentence
subject to a job. In other words the subject of the sentence is being targeted
activity expressed by the verb. In Indonesian, the main feature of the passive
sentence is a sentence that begins with the verb affixes in or happened, for
example : taken, exchanged, given, interested, surprised, etc.
In
English, the passive sentence is characterized with using verb three in the
sentence, for example : made, given, eaten, drunk, bought, carried, brought,
etc.
B. WAYS IN FORMING PASSIVE SENTENCES
To
make active sentences into passive, here are some steps that need to be
considered:
1. Put
the object of the active sentences at the beginning of the passive sentences.
In other words, the object of the active sentences becomes the subject of the passive
sentences.
2. If
the active sentences is no auxiliary verb (to be / modals), then add to be in
accordance with the subject of the passive sentences and also in accordance
with its tense forms.
3. Put
the main verb of the sentences after the auxiliary active (to be) in the form
of the past participle.
4. Put
the preposition “by” after the main
verb in the passive sentence before the subject (the subject of the active
sentences). but, in some circumstances, “by”
can be removed because they had understood his point without the need to be
mentioned again.
5. If
the active sentences there are two objects, then both can be used as the
subject of the passive sentences.
Example
:
He
gaves me an English grammar book.
-
An English grammar book was given to me
by him.
I wa given an English grammar book
by him.
She was brought us a parcel.
-
We have been brought a parcel by her.
A
parcel has been brought for us by her.
Usage Guidelines BE In Passive Sentences
1. Simple Present Tense :
am, is, are
2. Present
Continuous Tense : am, is, are +
being
3. Present
Perfect Tense : have, has +
been
4. Simple
Past Tense : was, were
5. Past
Continuous Tense : was, were +
being
6. Past
Perfect Tense : had +
been
7. Simple
Future Tense : will, shall + be
8. Future
Perfect Tense : will, shall
+ have been
9. Modal : modal +
be
10. Modal
Perfect : modal +
have been
C.
THE
FORMULA PASSIVE SENTENCES
Basically,
the main formula of the Passive Sentences is :
To Be + V3
The Formula Passive Sentences In 16
tenses
No
|
Tenses
|
Active Sentences
|
Passive
Sentences
|
1
|
Simple
Present Tense
|
S
+ V1 + O
|
S
+ to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by + O
|
2
|
Present
Continuous Tense
|
S
+ to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing + O
|
S
+ to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O
|
3
|
Present
Perfect Tense
|
S
+ to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O
|
S
+ have/has + been + V3 + by + O
|
4
|
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S
+ have/has + been + V1-ing + O
|
S
+ have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O
|
5
|
Simple
Past Tense
|
S
+ V2 + O
|
S
+ to be (was, were) + V3 + by + O
|
6
|
Past
Continuous Tense
|
S
+ to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O
|
S
+ to be (was, were) + being + V3 + by + O
|
7
|
Past
Perfect Tense
|
S
+ had + V3 + O
|
S
+ had + been + V3 + by + O
|
8
|
Past
Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S
+ had + been + V1-ing + O
|
S
+ had + been + being + V3 + by + O
|
9
|
Simple
Future Tense
|
S
+ will + V1 + O
|
S
+ will be + V3 + by + O
|
10
|
Future
Continuous Tense
|
S
+ will + be + V1-ing + O
|
S
+ will + be + being + V3 + by + O
|
11
|
Future
Perfect Tense
|
S
+ will + have + V3 + O
|
S
+ will + have + been + V3 + by + O
|
12
|
Future
Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S
+ will + have + been + V1-ing + O
|
S + will + have + been + being + V2 + by +
O
|
13
|
Simple
Past Future Tense
|
S
+ would + V1 + O
|
S
+ would + be + V3 + by + O
|
14
|
Past
Future Continuous Tense
|
S
+ would + be + V1-ing + O
|
S
+ would + be + being + V3 + by + O
|
15
|
Past
Future Perfect Tense
|
S
+ would + have + V3 + O
|
S
+ would + have + been + V3 + by + O
|
16
|
Past
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + would + have +
been
+ V1-ing + O
|
S
+ would + have + been + being + V3 + by + O
|
D.
EXAMPLE
Ø Active Sentences → Passive Sentences
1. (Active) Many people speak English.
(Passive) English is spoken by many people.
2. (Active) He is buying a novel.
(Passive) A novel is being bought by him.
3. (Active) Many tourists have visited that
castle.
(Passive)
That castle has been
visited by many tourists.
4. (Active) Recently, John has been
doing the work.
(Passive) Recently, the work has been being
done by John.
5. (Active) Sam repaired the car.
6. (Active) The salesman was helping the
customer when the thief came into the
store.
(Passive) The customer was being helped by
the salesman when the thief came into the store.
(Passive) Many cars had been repaired by
George before he received his mechanic's license.
8. (Active) Chef Jones had been
preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two
years before he moved to Paris.
(Passive) The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.
(Passive) The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to Paris.
9. (Active) Someone will finish the work by
5:00 PM.
(Passive) The work will be finished by
5:00 PM.
10. (Active) At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be
washing the dishes.
(Passive) At
8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John.
Ø Passive Sentences → Active Sentences
1. (Passive) The project will have been
completed before the deadline.
(Active) They will have completed the
project before the deadline.
2. (Passive) The mural will have been being
painted by the famous artist for over
six months by the time it is finished.
(Active) The
famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months
by the time it is finished.
3. (Passive) You would be visited by him last week.
(Active) He would visit you last week.
(Active) Andy has washed his car just now.
5. (Passive) The fried chicken is being cooked by my
mother.
(Active) My mother is cooking fried chicken.
6. (Passive) This house was purchased by me yesterday.
(Active) I purchased this house yesterday.
7. (Passive) We
are taught by Miss. Janet everyday.
(Active) Miss. Janet teaches us everyday.
8. (Passive) Chris John is knocked down by Tyson
easily.
(Active) Tyson knocked down Chris John easily.
(Active) I will always love you.
10. (Passive) The bill may be paid by credit card.
(Active) You
may pay the bill by credit card.
SUMBER :
·
Buku
Rusdiana
Junaid, Rustan Santaria, dan Sri Damayanti, 2014, Fundamental English Dasar-dasar
Penguasaan Bahasa Inggris, Intermedia, Malang
Ir.
Fahmi Sofyan, MHum, The Best English Grammar For Toefl, Pustaka Tarbiyah Baru
·
Internet
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